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Duty of Care in Czech and German Civil Law
Scholle, Jan ; Elischer, David (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
Duty of Care in Czech and German Civil Law Abstract The thesis deals with the importance of duties to prevent damages (duties of care) in Czech civil law. It focuses on detailed analysis of a few provisions of the Czech Civil Code. The main attention is focused on s. 415 of the Civil Code (Act No. 40/1964 Coll, the Civil Code, as amended; "OZ") establishing "the general duty of care". Findings about duties of care in the Civil Code are compared to a system of duties of care in German law of delict and additionally discussed using tools of economic analysis of law. The paper results in recommending changes in wording and interpretation of the duties of care and their comparison with the wording established by Act No. 89/2012 Coll., Civil Code ("NOZ"), effective from 1 January 2014. Chapter One examines development of interpretation of main provisions of OZ establishing duties of care. It briefly analyzes basic aspects of law of delict of OZ. It makes use of these findings in order to describe a position of duties of care in law of delict and limits of their interpretation. The main imperfections of their interpretation are illustrated on a couple of judicial decisions. Chapter Two briefly describes the system of law of delict under the German Civil Code ("BGB"). The chapter explores criteria of application...
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Private law instruments of environmental protection
Vévoda, Jan ; Derlich, Stanislav (referee)
Private law instruments of environmental protection Abstract Private law deals primarily with the regulation of relations between individuals and the protection of their individual rights, whether personal or property. The aim of this dissertation is therefore to determine whether and how the instruments of private law can be used to protect the environment. For this purpose, an analysis of the relevant private law institutes has been carried out, such as the protection of the personality, neighbourhood law, and the prevention and compensation of damage, which are the most important means of protecting the rights of an individual. Protection of personality in private law is primarily designed to protect the life, health and privacy, but it is useful to indirectly protect the environment from the effects that these values threaten, as shown by extensive decision-making practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The right to live in a favourable environment is a new institute in Czech civil law, which could have a great potential for environmental protection purposes, but it still lacks a more detailed regulation and there is also no case law. Neighbourhood law serves to protect the real estate owners against the disruptive effects of the activities of their neighbours. These are referred to as imissions...
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Private law instruments of environmental protection
Vévoda, Jan ; Derlich, Stanislav (referee)
Private law instruments of environmental protection Abstract Private law deals primarily with the regulation of relations between individuals and the protection of their individual rights, whether personal or property. The aim of this dissertation is therefore to determine whether and how the instruments of private law can be used to protect the environment. For this purpose, an analysis of the relevant private law institutes has been carried out, such as the protection of the personality, neighbourhood law, and the prevention and compensation of damage, which are the most important means of protecting the rights of an individual. Protection of personality in private law is primarily designed to protect the life, health and privacy, but it is useful to indirectly protect the environment from the effects that these values threaten, as shown by extensive decision-making practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The right to live in a favourable environment is a new institute in Czech civil law, which could have a great potential for environmental protection purposes, but it still lacks a more detailed regulation and there is also no case law. Neighbourhood law serves to protect the real estate owners against the disruptive effects of the activities of their neighbours. These are referred to as imissions...
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Private law instruments of environmental protection
Vévoda, Jan ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee) ; Müllerová, Hana (referee)
Private law instruments of environmental protection Abstract Private law deals primarily with the regulation of relations between individuals and the protection of their individual rights, whether personal or property. The aim of this dissertation is therefore to determine whether and how the instruments of private law can be used to protect the environment. For this purpose, an analysis of the relevant private law institutes has been carried out, such as the protection of the personality, neighbourhood law, and the prevention and compensation of damage, which are the most important means of protecting the rights of an individual. Protection of personality in private law is primarily designed to protect the life, health and privacy, but it is useful to indirectly protect the environment from the effects that these values threaten, as shown by extensive decision-making practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The right to live in a favourable environment is a new institute in Czech civil law, which could have a great potential for environmental protection purposes, but it still lacks a more detailed regulation and there is also no case law. Neighbourhood law serves to protect the real estate owners against the disruptive effects of the activities of their neighbours. These are referred to as imissions...
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Duty of Care in Czech and German Civil Law
Scholle, Jan ; Elischer, David (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
Duty of Care in Czech and German Civil Law Abstract The thesis deals with the importance of duties to prevent damages (duties of care) in Czech civil law. It focuses on detailed analysis of a few provisions of the Czech Civil Code. The main attention is focused on s. 415 of the Civil Code (Act No. 40/1964 Coll, the Civil Code, as amended; "OZ") establishing "the general duty of care". Findings about duties of care in the Civil Code are compared to a system of duties of care in German law of delict and additionally discussed using tools of economic analysis of law. The paper results in recommending changes in wording and interpretation of the duties of care and their comparison with the wording established by Act No. 89/2012 Coll., Civil Code ("NOZ"), effective from 1 January 2014. Chapter One examines development of interpretation of main provisions of OZ establishing duties of care. It briefly analyzes basic aspects of law of delict of OZ. It makes use of these findings in order to describe a position of duties of care in law of delict and limits of their interpretation. The main imperfections of their interpretation are illustrated on a couple of judicial decisions. Chapter Two briefly describes the system of law of delict under the German Civil Code ("BGB"). The chapter explores criteria of application...
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Návrh metodiky stanovování povodňových rizik a škod v záplavovém území a její ověření v povodí Labe
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Drbal, Karel
Cílem projektu je ukázat potenciál škod a rizika za povodně s dobou opakování 100 let a v případě selhání protipovodňových objektů.Výsledky projektu budou podkladem při rozhodování příslušných správních orgánů o alternativách při dalším plánování územního rozvoje a zástavby v územích ohrožených povodněmi, dále budou zohledňovány při preventivní povodňové ochraně. Zpráva shrnuje výsledky z těchto oblastí činností: nově otevřené problémy, pracovní postupy a metody, podklady a data k projektu, nebezpečí vyplývající z povodní, zranitelnost ohroženého území, riziko a jeho odhad, potenciální škody - verifikace postupů, variabilita přístupů, metod a řešení, možnost využití výstupů projektu v rámci ČR, doporučení.
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Návrh metodiky stanovování povodňových rizik a škod v záplavovém území a její ověření v povodí Labe
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Drbal, Karel
Cílem projektu je ukázat potenciál škod a rizika za povodně s dobou opakování 100 let nebo při návrhové povodni a v případě selhání protipovodňových objektů.Výsledky projektu budou podkladem při rozhodování příslušných správních orgánů o alternativách při dalším plánování územního rozvoje a zástavby v územích ohrožených povodněmi, dále budou zohledňovány při preventivní povodňové ochraně. Zpráva shrnuje výsledky projektu v kapitolách: popis povodňového nebezpečí, popis zranitelnosti území, riziko vyplývající z povodňového nebezpečí, potenciální škody. Metodická část poskytuje ucelený postup při stanovování povodňových škod v celé šíři a závažnosti jejich dopadů. Jsou popsány metodická východiska, postupy a metody a interpretace výsledků.
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Návrh metodiky stanovování povodňových rizik a škod v záplavovém území a její ověření v povodí Labe
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G. Masaryka, v.v.i., Praha ; Kos, Zdeněk
Zpráva obsahuje dvě části: Analýza problematiky potenciálních povodňových škod velkých průmyslových podniků v zájmovém území podél toku Labe pro největší subjekty v zájmovém území a Návrh obecně využitelné metodiky odhadu potenciálních škod velkých ekonomických subjektů pro úroveň podrobnosti I, II. První část řeší závažnost různých typů povodní pro velké průmyslové závody, snižování povodňových škod, protipovodňové aktivity podle vodního zákona, postupy při odhadu povodňových škod, přímé a nepřímé škody, environmentální škody. Jsou uvedeny průmyslové podniky, u nichž byla provedena analýza škod a celkový souhrn povodňových škod. V metodické části jsou představeny základní body metodiky a poznámky k jejich praktické realizaci. Jsou uvedeny základní ukazatele povodňových škod.
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